Saturday, 19 July 2014

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Tuesday, 20 May 2014

Why Trading in EURUSD Pair ?


The United States and the European Union are the two largest economic powers in the world. The U.S. dollar is both the world's most heavily traded and most widely held currency. The currency of the European Union, the euro, is the world's second most popular currency. And since it contains the two most popular currencies in the world, the EUR/USD pair is forex's most actively traded currency pair.

The European Union Economy
Overall, the European Union represents the world's largest economic region with a GDP of more than $13 trillion. Much like the United States, the economy of Europe is heavily focused on services, manufacturing, however, represents a greater percentage of GDP in Europe than it does in the United States. When economic activity in the European Union is strong, the euro generally strengthens; when economic activity slows, as expected, the euro should weaken.

Why the Euro Is Unique
While the U.S. dollar is the currency of a single country, the euro is the single currency of 16 European countries within the European Union, collectively known as the "Eurozone" or the European and Economic Monetary Union (EMU). Disagreements arise from time to time among European governments about the future course of the European Union or monetary policy and when these political or economic disagreements arise, the euro can be expected to weaken. (To learn more about why the euro is so important, see Top 8 Most Tradable Currencies.)

Factors Influencing the Direction of the EUR/USD
The primary issue that influences the direction of the euro/U.S. dollar pair is the relative strength of the two economies. Holding all else equal, a faster-growing U.S. economy strengthens the dollar against the euro, and a faster-growing European Union economy strengthens the euro against the dollar. As previously discussed, one key sign of the relative strength of the two economies is the level of interest rates. When U.S.interest rates are higher than those of key European economies, the dollar generally strengthens. When Eurozone interest rates are higher, the dollar usually weakens. However, as we've already learned, interest rates alone can not predict movements in currencies.

Another major factor that has a strong influence on the euro/U.S. dollar relationship is any political instability among the members of the European Union. The euro, introduced in 1999, is also relatively new compared to the world's other major currencies. Many economists view the Eurozone as a test subject in economic and monetary policy. As the countries within the Eurozone learn to work with one another, differences sometimes arise. If these differences appear serious or potentially threatening to the future stability of the Eurozone, the dollar will almost certainly strengthen against the euro.

The list below shows the current members of the Eurozone as of January 1, 2009. When trading the euro/U.S. dollar pair, investors should carefully watch for troublesome economic and political news originating in these countries. If several Eurozone countries have weakening economies, or if newspaper headlines are discussing political difficulties among the countries in the region, the euro is likely to weaken against the dollar.

What is Forex Market ?

What is Forex Market ? ? ?


The foreign exchange market, which is usually known as “forex” or “FX,” is the largest financial market in the world. Compared to the measly $22.4 billion a day volume of the New York Stock Exchange, the foreign exchange market looks absolutely ginormous with its $5 TRILLION  a day trade volume. 



What is Traded?


The simple answer is MONEY.
Because you’re not buying anything physical, this kind of trading can be confusing.
Think of buying a currency as buying a share in a particular country, kinda like buying stocks of a company. The price of the currency is a direct reflection of what the market thinks about the current and future health of the Japanese economy.
When you buy, say, the Japanese yen, you are basically buying a “share” in the Japanese economy. You are betting that the Japanese economy is doing well, and will even get better as time goes. Once you sell those “shares” back to the market, hopefully, you will end up with a profit.
In general, the exchange rate of a currency versus other currencies is a reflection of the condition of that country’s economy, compared to other countries’ economies.
By the time you graduate from this School of Pipsology, you’ll be eager to start working with currencies.

Major Currencies


SymbolCountryCurrencyNickname
USDUnited StatesDollarBuck
EUREuro zone membersEuroFiber
JPYJapanYenYen
GBPGreat BritainPoundCable
CHFSwitzerlandFrancSwissy
CADCanadaDollarLoonie
AUDAustraliaDollarAussie
NZDNew ZealandDollarKiwi
Currency symbols always have three letters, where the first two letters identify the name of the country and the third letter identifies the name of that country’s currency.

Take NZD for instance. NZ stands for New Zealand, while D stands for dollar. Easy enough, right?

The currencies included in the chart above are called the “majors” because they are the most widely traded ones.

Currencies Are Traded in Pairs ? ?

Forex trading is the simultaneous buying of one currency and selling another. Currencies are traded through a broker or dealer, and are traded in pairs; for example the euro and the U.S. dollar (EUR/USD) or the British pound and the Japanese yen (GBP/JPY).

When you trade in the forex market, you buy or sell in currency pairs.
Tug of war
Imagine each pair constantly in a “tug of war” with each currency on its own side of the rope. Exchange rates fluctuate based on which currency is stronger at the moment.

Major Currency Pairs

The currency pairs listed below are considered the “majors”. These pairs all contain the U.S. dollar (USD) on one side and are the most frequently traded. The majors are the most liquid and widely traded currency pairs in the world.
PairCountriesFX Geek Speak
EUR/USDEuro zone / United States"euro dollar"
USD/JPYUnited States / Japan"dollar yen"
GBP/USDUnited Kingdom / United States"pound dollar"
USD/CHFUnited States/ Switzerland"dollar swissy"
USD/CADUnited States / Canada“dollar loonie”
AUD/USDAustralia / United States"aussie dollar"
NZD/USDNew Zealand / United States"kiwi dollar"

Major Cross-Currency Pairs or Minor Currency Pairs

Currency pairs that don’t contain the U.S. dollar (USD) are known as cross-currency pairs or simply as the “crosses.” Major crosses are also known as “minors.” The most actively traded crosses are derived from the three major non-USD currencies: EUR, JPY, and GBP.

Euro Crosses

PairCountriesFX Geek Speak
EUR/CHFEuro zone / Switzerland"euro swissy"
EUR/GBPEuro zone / United Kingdom"euro pound"
EUR/CADEuro zone / Canada"euro loonie"
EUR/AUDEuro zone / Australia"euro aussie"
EUR/NZDEuro zone / New Zealand"euro kiwi"

Yen Crosses

PairCountriesFX Geek Speak
EUR/JPYEuro zone / Japan“euro yen" or "yuppy”
GBP/JPYUnited Kingdom / Japan“pound yen" or "guppy”
CHF/JPYSwitzerland / Japan“swissy yen”
CAD/JPYCanada / Japan“loonie yen”
AUD/JPYAustralia / Japan“aussie yen”
NZD/JPYNew Zealand / Japan“kiwi yen”

Pound Crosses

PairCountriesFX Geek Speak
GBP/CHFUnited Kingdom / Switzerland"pound swissy"
GBP/AUDUnited Kingdom / Australia"pound aussie"
GBP/CADUnited Kingdom / Canada"pound loonie"
GBP/NZDUnited Kingdom / New Zealand"pound kiwi"

Other Crosses

PairCountriesFX Geek Speak
AUD/CHFAustralia / Switzerland"aussie swissy"
AUD/CADAustralia / Canada"aussie loonie"
AUD/NZDAustralia / New Zealand"aussie kiwi"
CAD/CHFCanada / Switzerland"loonie swissy"
NZD/CHFNew Zealand / Switzerland"kiwi swissy"
NZD/CADNew Zealand / Canada"kiwi loonie"

Exotic Pairs

Exotic Belly Dancers
No, exotic pairs are not exotic belly dancers who happen to be twins. Exotic pairs are made up of one major currency paired with the currency of an emerging economy, such as Brazil, Mexico, or Hungary. The chart below contains a few examples of exotic currency pairs. Wanna take a shot at guessing what those other currency symbols stand for?
Depending on your forex broker, you may see the following exotic pairs so it’s good to know what they are. Keep in mind that these pairs aren’t as heavily traded as the “majors” or “crosses,” so the transaction costs associated with trading these pairs are usually bigger.
PairCountriesFX Geek Speak
USD/HKDUnited States / Hong Kong
USD/SGDUnited States / Singapore
USD/ZARUnited States / South Africa"dollar rand"
USD/THBUnited States / Thailand"dollar baht"
USD/MXNUnited States / Mexico"dollar peso"
USD/DKKUnited States / Denmark"dollar krone"
USD/SEKUnited States / Sweden
USD/NOKUnited States / Norway
It isn’t unusual to see spreads that are two or three times bigger than that of EUR/USD or USD/JPY. So if you want to trade exotics pairs, remember to factor this in your decision.

Market Size and Liquidity

Unlike other financial markets like the New York Stock Exchange, the forex spot market has neither a physical location nor a central exchange.

The forex market is considered an Over-the-Counter (OTC), or “Interbank”, market due to the fact that the entire market is run electronically, within a network of banks, continuously over a 24-hour period.
This means that the spot forex market is spread all over the globe with no central location. They can take place anywhere, even at the top of Mt. Fuji!
The forex OTC market is by far the biggest and most popular financial market in the world, traded globally by a large number of individuals and organizations.
In the OTC market, participants determine who they want to trade with depending on trading conditions, attractiveness of prices, and reputation of the trading counterpart.
The chart below shows the ten most actively traded currencies.
The dollar is the most traded currency, taking up 84.9% of all transactions. The euro’s share is second at 39.1%, while that of the yen is third at 19.0%. As you can see, most of the major currencies are hogging the top spots on this list!
Currency Distribution in the FX Market
*Because two currencies are involved in each transaction, the sum of the percentage shares of individual currencies totals 200% instead of 100%
The chart above shows just how often the U.S. dollar is traded in the forex market. It is on one side of a ridiculous 84.9% of all reported transactions!

The Dollar is King

You’ve probably noticed how often we keep mentioning the U.S. dollar (USD). If the USD is one half of every major currency pair, and the majors comprise 75% of all trades, then it’s a must to pay attention to the U.S. dollar. The USD is king!
Currency Composition of World FX Reserves
Man chasing money
There are also other significant reasons why the U.S. dollar plays a central role in the forex market:
  • The United States economy is the LARGEST economy in the world.
  • The U.S. dollar is the reserve currency of the world.
  • The United States has the largest and most liquid financial markets in the world.
  • The United States has a super stable political system.
  • The United States is the world’s sole military superpower.
  • The U.S. dollar is the medium of exchange for many cross-border transactions. For example, oil is priced in U.S. dollars. So if Mexico wants to buy oil from Saudi Arabia, it can only be bought with U.S. dollar. If Mexico doesn’t have any dollars, it has to sell its pesos first and buy U.S. dollars.

Speculation

man-with-many-questions.png
One important thing to note about the forex market is that while commercial and financial transactions are part of trading volume, most currency trading is based on speculation.
In other words, most trading volume comes from traders that buy and sell based on intraday price movements.
The trading volume brought about by speculators is estimated to be more than 90%!
The scale of the forex speculative market means that liquidity – the amount of buying and selling volume happening at any given time – is extremely high.
This makes it very easy for anyone to buy and sell currencies.
From the perspective of an investor, liquidity is very important because it determines how easily price can change over a given time period. A liquid market environment like forex enables huge trading volumes to happen with very little effect on price, or price action.
While the forex market is relatively very liquid, the market depth could change depending on the currency pair and time of day.
In our trading sessions part of the school, we’ll tell you how the time of your trades can affect the pair you’re trading.

Different Ways to Trade Forex

Because forex is so awesome, traders came up with a number of different ways to invest or speculate in currencies. Among these, the most popular ones are forex spot, futures, options, and exchange-traded funds (or ETFs).

Spot Market

In the spot market, currencies are traded immediately or “on the spot,” using the current market price. What’s awesome about this market is its simplicity, liquidity, tight spreads, and round-the-clock operations. It’s very easy to participate in this market since accounts can be opened with as little as a $25! (Not that we suggest you do) – you’ll learn why in our Capitalization lesson! Aside from that, most brokers usually provide charts, news, and research for free.

Futures

Futures are contracts to buy or sell a certain asset at a specified price on a future date (That’s why they’re called futures!). Forex futures were created by the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) way back in 1972, when bell bottoms and platform boots were still in style. Since futures contracts are standardized and traded through a centralized exchange, the market is very transparent and well-regulated. This means that price and transaction information are readily available.

Options

An “option” is a financial instrument that gives the buyer the right or the option, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a specified price on the option’s expiration date. If a trader “sold” an option, then he or she would be obliged to buy or sell an asset at a specific price at the expiration date.
Just like futures, options are also traded on an exchange, such as the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the International Securities Exchange, or the Philadelphia Stock Exchange. However, the disadvantage in trading forex options is that market hours are limited for certain options and the liquidity is not nearly as great as the futures or spot market.

Exchange-traded Funds

Exchange-traded funds or ETFs are the youngest members of the forex world.
An ETF could contain a set of stocks combined with some currencies, allowing the trader to diversify with different assets. These are created by financial institutions and can be traded like stocks through an exchange. Like forex options, the limitation in trading ETFs is that the market isn’t open 24 hours. Also, since ETFs contain stocks, these are subject to trading commissions and other transaction costs.